AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

What structure attaches the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?

1. Mesentery

2. Peritoneum

3. Ligamentum teres

4. Fascia

The correct answer is: Mesentery

The mesentery is the correct answer because it is a fold of peritoneum that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall. This supportive structure contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that supply the intestines, making it crucial for maintaining the position of the small intestine and facilitating the transport of nutrients and waste. The other structures mentioned serve different functions. The peritoneum is the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs, but it is not specifically responsible for attaching the small intestine to the wall. The ligamentum teres is a remnant of the umbilical vein found in adults and does not play a role in holding the small intestine. Fascia refers to connective tissue that surrounds muscles and organs, but it does not have the specific function of anchoring the intestine. Thus, the mesentery is the key structure that fulfills this role, supporting both anatomical stability and functional integrity.