AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

What term describes a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another?

1. Mutualism

2. Commensalism

3. Parasitism

4. Symbiosis

The correct answer is: Parasitism

The term that describes a relationship benefiting one organism at the expense of another is parasitism. In this type of relationship, the parasite derives its nutrients or benefits from a host organism, which may suffer harm or impairment as a result. This dynamic is crucial in understanding ecological interactions, as it illustrates the complexity of organism relationships and the potential for harm that can arise in natural systems. Mutualism, on the other hand, refers to a relationship where both organisms benefit, while commensalism involves one organism benefiting without affecting the other. Symbiosis is a broader term that encompasses various types of close relationships between organisms, including mutualism and parasitism. This distinction helps clarify the different ways organisms can interact within ecosystems, emphasizing how parasitism specifically denotes a harmful association for one party involved.