AST Surgical Technologist Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT a type of passive drain?

1. Penrose

2. Vacuum-assisted

3. Jackson-Pratt

4. Gravity

The correct answer is: Vacuum-assisted

A vacuum-assisted drain is not considered a type of passive drain. Passive drains are designed to allow fluids to flow out of a wound or body cavity due to the force of gravity or natural body dynamics without requiring any additional pressure or suction. In contrast, vacuum-assisted drains, such as the one made by the Jackson-Pratt system, utilize a vacuum or negative pressure to actively draw fluids out of the surgical area. This mechanism enhances drainage by creating suction, which is a key characteristic that distinguishes it from passive drainage systems. In passive systems, such as Penrose drains and gravity drains, fluid movement is solely dependent on gravity. Therefore, they allow fluid to exit the body by natural drainage without the use of mechanical assistance, whereas vacuum-assisted drains specifically utilize active suction to manage fluid accumulation. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in surgical practice, as the choice of drainage type can impact patient outcomes by influencing the rate and efficiency of fluid removal from surgical sites.